Visiting Ephesus for the first time is one of the most memorable experiences in Turkey. Known for its remarkably preserved ancient ruins, grand temples, and rich biblical history, Ephesus attracts travelers from around the world who want to step back into the ancient Greco-Roman world. Whether you’re visiting on a day trip from Kuşadası or İzmir, or exploring Turkey’s Aegean region, Ephesus offers unforgettable sights and stories that bring history to life. Many first-time visitors enhance their experience by booking Ephesus Tours, which provide expert guides and insightful historical context throughout the ancient city.
In this comprehensive guide, you’ll discover the best things to do in Ephesus for first-time visitors, including the top attractions, helpful travel tips, recommended routes, and must-know information before you arrive. This SEO-optimized article will help you plan the perfect visit and get the most out of your time in this world-famous archaeological site. For those who want a hassle-free experience, an Ephesus Travel Package often includes transportation, entry tickets, and visits to nearby attractions like the House of the Virgin Mary and the Temple of Artemis.
Why Visit Ephesus?
Ephesus is one of the best-preserved ancient cities in the Mediterranean. Once home to over 250,000 people, including merchants, philosophers, and early Christians, it was one of the most important cities of the Roman Empire. Today, visitors can wander its marble streets, explore its monumental buildings, and imagine life as it once was thousands of years ago.
Highlights of Visiting Ephesus
- Walking through Curetes Street, one of the oldest streets in the world.
- Seeing the magnificent Library of Celsus, an iconic symbol of ancient architecture.
- Standing inside the Great Theatre, where up to 25,000 people once gathered.
- Visiting sacred sites like the House of the Virgin Mary.
- Exploring temples, fountains, houses, and mosaics that reveal daily life in ancient times.
Ephesus is also a UNESCO World Heritage Site, making it a must-visit for history lovers, culture travelers, photographers, and families.
Top Things to Do in Ephesus for First-Time Visitors
Below is a detailed, expanded list of the best things to do and see during your first trip to Ephesus.
1. Start at the Lower Gate (Harbor Gate)
Most first-time visitors begin their journey at the Lower Gate, which offers a smooth downhill path through the ruins. Starting here allows you to see the most impressive monuments in a logical order and makes your walk easier and more enjoyable.
What You’ll See First
- Agora
- Harbor Street (Arcadian Way)
- Theatre Gymnasium
The Lower Gate is also the best spot to meet your guide if you’re joining an Ephesus tour from Kuşadası or İzmir.
2. Explore the Iconic Library of Celsus
No visit to Ephesus is complete without seeing the Library of Celsus, one of the most photographed ancient buildings in the world. Built in the 2nd century AD, it once held over 12,000 scrolls.
Why It’s a Must-See
- Its perfectly restored façade showcases Roman engineering.
- It’s one of the best examples of ancient architecture still standing.
- Beautiful statues and carvings enhance its breathtaking design.
Tip: Visit early in the morning to avoid crowds and get the best photos.
3. Walk Through Curetes Street
Curetes Street was one of the main arteries of ancient Ephesus. Walking along this marble-paved street gives visitors a real sense of life in the bustling city.
Highlights Along the Street
- Temple of Hadrian
- Nymphaeum of Trajan
- Terraced Houses entrance
- Public monuments and fountains
This is one of the most scenic parts of the site, perfect for slow exploration and photography.
4. Visit the Great Theatre
The Ephesus Great Theatre was a masterpiece of Roman engineering, capable of holding 25,000 spectators. It hosted concerts, performances, political meetings, and even early Christian gatherings.
Why It’s Special
- Incredible acoustics
- Massive structure carved into Mt. Pion
- Biblical significance (St. Paul preached here)
Climb to the upper rows for amazing views over the Arcadian Way and the ancient city.
5. Explore the Terrace Houses (Houses of the Rich)
The Terrace Houses are one of the most impressive parts of Ephesus and a must-visit for first-time travelers who appreciate details of ancient daily life. These luxury homes belonged to wealthy families and are still beautifully preserved.
Inside the Terrace Houses
- Mosaic floors
- Wall frescoes
- Private rooms and courtyards
- Ancient heating systems
Note: Terrace Houses require a separate ticket, but they are worth every minute.
6. Visit the Temple of Hadrian
This small but elegant temple is one of the best-preserved structures in Ephesus. With its detailed carvings and decorative friezes, it offers insights into Roman art and religion.
Don’t Miss
The relief panels inside depicting the foundation myth of Ephesus.
7. Discover the Basilica of St. John
Located near the ancient city entrance, this basilica is believed to be the burial place of St. John the Apostle, who wrote the Book of Revelation.
Why First-Time Visitors Love It
- Panoramic views of Selçuk
- Historical and religious significance
- Remnants of a once-grand 6th-century basilica
8. Visit the House of the Virgin Mary
Located on Mt. Koressos above Ephesus, the House of the Virgin Mary is believed to be the last home of Mary, the mother of Jesus. It’s a peaceful, spiritual site visited by pilgrims from around the world.
Things to Experience
- The chapel
- Prayer area
- Blessed water fountains
- Peaceful forest surroundings
Whether you’re religious or not, it’s an important part of any Ephesus tour.
9. Explore the Temple of Artemis (One of the Seven Wonders)
Although only a single column remains today, the site of the Temple of Artemis is historically important. It was once one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
Things to Know
- The temple was massive and richly decorated.
- It was rebuilt multiple times after fires and invasions.
- Today, the site offers a glimpse into one of history’s largest temples.
It’s a quick stop but essential for first-time visitors.
10. Visit the Ephesus Archaeological Museum
Located in Selçuk, this museum houses incredible artifacts uncovered from Ephesus, including statues, coins, tools, frescoes, and daily household items.
Museum Highlights
- Statue of Artemis of Ephesus
- Roman mosaics
- Ancient jewelry
- Sculptures from the Terrace Houses
It’s the perfect place to understand the full story of the city.
11. See the Isa Bey Mosque
Built in 1375, the Isa Bey Mosque is one of the oldest and most beautiful examples of Seljuk architecture in the region.
Why It’s Worth Visiting
- Unique stonework and inscriptions
- Peaceful courtyard
- Easily accessible from Ephesus and St. John’s Basilica
12. Wander the Streets of Selçuk Town
Selçuk is a charming local town filled with cafés, markets, and small shops, making it a great place to explore after your visit.
Top Things in Selçuk
- Local restaurants
- Handmade crafts
- Turkish coffee houses
- Weekly farmer’s market
It’s a wonderful place to relax before or after your tour.
Best Time to Visit Ephesus
First-time visitors often ask when the best time to visit is. The ideal months are:
- April – June (pleasant weather)
- September – November (cooler temperatures & fewer crowds)
Avoid midday summer heat, as temperatures can reach 40°C.
Tips for First-Time Visitors to Ephesus
Wear comfortable walking shoes
- The site is large and paved with marble.
Bring water and sunscreen
- Shade is limited.
Hire a guide or join a tour
- A guide adds incredible context that transforms your visit.
Plan 2–4 hours for the ruins
- More if visiting the museum and nearby attractions.
Buy Terrace Houses tickets in advance
- They are extremely popular.
Recommended Itinerary for First-Time Visitors
Short Visit (2 hours)
- Lower Gate entrance
- Library of Celsus
- Great Theatre
- Curetes Street
Half-Day Visit (4–5 hours)
- Lower Gate
- Library of Celsus
- Terrace Houses
- Temple of Hadrian
- Great Theatre
- House of the Virgin Mary
Full Day Visit
- Ephesus Ancient City
- House of the Virgin Mary
- Ephesus Museum
- Basilica of St. John
- Temple of Artemis
- Walk Selçuk Town
Final Thoughts
A visit to Ephesus is one of the most unforgettable experiences in Turkey. From iconic landmarks like the Library of Celsus and the Great Theatre to sacred sites like the House of the Virgin Mary, Ephesus offers something extraordinary for every traveler. Whether you’re a history lover, spiritual traveler, photographer, or curious explorer, this ancient city will inspire and amaze you.
If you prepare your visit with the right tips and itinerary, your first trip to Ephesus will be smooth, enjoyable, and full of discovery.
