Kars

Nestled in the remote landscapes of Eastern Anatolia, Kars is one of Turkey’s most captivating destinations—an atmospheric city where history, culture, and natural beauty blend in perfect harmony. From the haunting medieval ruins of Ani to the snowy plains that stretch endlessly toward the Caucasus, Kars offers a travel experience unlike anywhere else in Turkey. Whether you are a history enthusiast, a snowfall lover, or simply a curious explorer seeking an unconventional journey, Kars invites you to discover its many layers. For travelers who have already explored popular routes such as Istanbul and the Aegean coast, Kars provides a strikingly different and deeply authentic side of the country.

Kars has long been a crossroads of civilizations. Armenians, Seljuks, Georgians, Russians, and Ottomans have all left their marks on the region. Today, visitors can see this heritage reflected in the city’s architectural textures, archaeological sites, and cultural traditions. Add to this a rich culinary scene—particularly its world-famous Kars honey, gruyere cheese, and hearty local dishes—and the result is a destination that is not only enriching but also deeply memorable.

Below is a comprehensive guide to help you explore the highlights, history, and unique charm that make Kars one of Turkey’s rising travel stars.

Exploring the Historic Heart of Kars

Kars Castle – A Panoramic Window to the Past

Perched on a rocky hill overlooking the city, Kars Castle is one of the most iconic symbols of the region. The fortress, originally built in the 12th century and restored during the Ottoman era, offers spectacular views of the cityscape and the Kars River below. Its thick stone walls and commanding position demonstrate the strategic importance Kars once held on the borderlands of empires.

Visitors can wander through the castle grounds, explore the towers, and take in sweeping views of the city’s basalt buildings and Russian-era architecture. The castle is especially atmospheric at sunrise and sunset, when the light casts a golden glow over the rugged terrain.

The Old Russian Quarter

Kars is famous for its Russian-influenced architecture, a legacy of the 40-year Russian occupation in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The streets of the Old Russian Quarter feature stone-built, rectangular, and symmetrically designed buildings that give the city a distinctive European flair.

Among the most notable structures are:

• The Governor’s Office (Valilik Binası)
• The former Russian hospital building
• Katerina’s Palace (Katerina Köşkü), located slightly outside the center

Wandering through these streets feels like stepping into a different era, with architectural styles rarely seen elsewhere in Turkey.

Ani – The City of 1,001 Churches

A UNESCO World Heritage Site

No visit to Kars is complete without exploring the breathtaking Ani Ruins, located about 45 kilometers from the city center. Known as the “City of 1,001 Churches,” Ani was once a bustling medieval metropolis on the Silk Road. Its remarkable remains include churches, palaces, mosques, and fortifications that stand dramatically along the deep gorge marking the Turkish-Armenian border.

Architectural Wonders of Ani

Highlights within the ancient city include:

The Cathedral of Ani

A masterpiece of Armenian architecture, the cathedral’s towering arches and intricate stonework evoke a sense of grandeur. Designed by the renowned architect Trdat, it later served as a mosque during the Seljuk period.

Church of St. Gregory of Tigran Honents

This church is famous for its remarkably preserved interior frescoes, which depict biblical scenes with vivid colors and delicate details.

The Seljuk Palace and Mosque of Minuchihr

These structures reflect the city’s diverse cultural influences, showcasing Seljuk architectural features and offering panoramic views of the dramatic landscape.

Photography and Atmosphere

Ani is a dream for photographers. The sweeping plains, deep canyons, and ancient structures create a surreal landscape. Whether in the golden light of early morning or the soft glow of dusk, Ani exudes a mystical atmosphere that leaves a lasting impression—an experience as visually striking and emotionally powerful as sunrise walks through Cappadocia, yet far less crowded.

Nature and Winter Adventures in Kars

Lake Çıldır – A Frozen Wonderland

Located on the Kars-Ardahan border, Lake Çıldır is a spectacular natural attraction known for its winter beauty. During the colder months, the lake freezes completely, transforming into a shimmering expanse of ice. Visitors can enjoy traditional horse-drawn sleigh rides (kızak) across the frozen surface—an unforgettable experience unique to this region of Turkey.

Local fishermen also continue the tradition of ice fishing, cutting precise holes through the thick surface and lowering handmade nets into the icy waters. Watching this process offers insight into the way life adapts to the region’s harsh yet inspiring climate.

Sarıkamış – A Winter Sports Paradise

Just an hour from Kars lies Sarıkamış Ski Resort, a hidden gem for winter sports enthusiasts. Known for its dry “crystal snow” (similar to that of the Alps) and pine-forested slopes, Sarıkamış offers excellent skiing conditions from December to March.

The resort features:

• Long and well-maintained ski tracks
• Modern lift systems
• Snowboarding and skiing opportunities for all experience levels

Sarıkamış is also historically significant, as it was the site of the tragic Battle of Sarıkamış during World War I. A memorial near the ski area honors the soldiers who lost their lives.

Culinary Delights of Kars

Local Specialties

Kars boasts a rich culinary heritage shaped by its geography and multicultural past. Must-try flavors include:

• Kars Gravyer (Gruyere Cheese): A world-renowned cheese produced in high-altitude villages.
• Kars Honey: Particularly the wildflower varieties, known for their clarity and aroma.
• Kashar Cheese: Another beloved local dairy product.
• Piti: A hearty meat stew traditionally cooked in earthenware pots.
• Hangel: A local pasta dish served with garlic yogurt and butter.

Tea Houses and Traditional Dining

The city offers numerous tea houses and traditional restaurants where visitors can enjoy authentic Eastern Anatolian hospitality. Meals are often accompanied by folk music and storytelling, reflecting the region’s cultural warmth.

Practical Travel Tips

Best Time to Visit

• Winter (December–March): Ideal for snow lovers, skiing, and experiencing the iconic frozen Lake Çıldır.
• Spring/Autumn: Perfect for exploring Ani and the countryside without extreme cold.
• Summer: Mild temperatures make for comfortable outdoor sightseeing.

How to Get There

Kars is accessible via:

Kars is accessible via:

    • Kars Harakani Airport, with domestic flights from major Turkish cities
    • Eastern Express (Doğu Ekspresi), the famous scenic train route from Ankara, often featured in curated Turkey Tours focused on slow travel and cultural immersion

Accommodation

Visitors can choose from boutique hotels, restored Russian-era buildings, and cozy mountain lodges in Sarıkamış.

Conclusion

Kars is a destination of rare beauty—one that combines ancient history, winter magic, and cultural depth in a way that few places can. Whether walking through the silent ruins of Ani, riding across the frozen surface of Lake Çıldır, or tasting the region’s celebrated cheeses, travelers will find Kars to be a place that inspires wonder and invites reflection. For those seeking a journey filled with authenticity, atmosphere, and discovery, Kars stands as one of Turkey’s most unforgettable treasures.

Step Into History and Nature – Reserve Your Kars Tour Now!